220 papers
357 citations
Generated, not hand-listed
Every source this site cites, in one list.
220 peer-reviewed papers, cited in 357 places across the site. The research hub reads 26 of them in full and is the page to start from; this one is for checking. It is generated by scanning every page for PubMed links, so it cannot fall behind what the pages actually cite — and 48 of these were published in 2024 or later, which tells you something about how fast this literature is still moving.
Every entry links to PubMed and, where one exists, to the DOI. Under each is the list of pages on this site that cite it — so you can go the other way too, from a paper to the claims we hang on it.
The same data is published as all-citations.csv under CC BY 4.0, with one row per paper and a column listing the citing pages.
On this page
§ 01 01
Published 2024 or later · 48
Melnichuk A et al. (2025) A parametric investigation of binaural beats for brain entrainment and enhancing sustained attention. Scientific reports 15(1):4308.
Alfonso S et al. (2024) Efficacy of tailor-made notched music training for primary tinnitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. American journal of otolaryngology 45(6):104467.
Fan Z et al. (2024) Binaural beats at 0.25 Hz shorten the latency to slow-wave sleep during daytime naps. Scientific reports 14(1):26062.
Kim T et al. (2026) Humming Breathing and Autonomic Regulation: A Preliminary Study of Resonance Frequency and Vibratory Mechanisms. Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback.
Chen K et al. (2026) Outcomes of Tinnitus Interventions: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analysis. The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology 135(5):342-355.
Prakash P et al. (2025) Brainwave entrainment using binaural beats stimulation: Exploring the treatment efficacy in individuals with tinnitus having normal hearing sensitivity. Auris, nasus, larynx 52(1):1-11.
Prakash P et al. (2025) Evaluating time-bound efficacy of binaural beats for tinnitus treatment in individuals with normal hearing: A brainwave entrainment study. Journal of otology 20(1):58-66.
Elnazer HY (2026) Music and binaural beat interventions for young adults: A systematic review of effects on anxiety, sleep, and cognition. Acta neuropsychiatrica 38:e15.
Cited onblog/best-frequencies-for-sleep
Hamid NFN et al. (2026) A systematic review on sound-based therapy for individuals with hyperacusis. Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola:512375.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Dabiri R et al. (2026) The effect of delta binaural beat on sleep onset and maintenance based on EEG signal analysis. Acta psychologica 269:107506.
Cited onblog/best-frequencies-for-sleep
Quemar A et al. (2026) Notch-induced lateral inhibition compared to standard amplification lateral inhibition therapy for the treatment of chronic tinnitus: A randomised controlled trial. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 283(5):2939-2948.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Fatima I et al. (2026) Efficacy of theta binaural beat therapy on pain, cognition and anxiety in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Explore (New York, N.Y.) 22(5):103471.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
Cırık AA et al. (2026) Reduced binaural masking release in women with migraine despite normal hearing: a case-control study. Frontiers in neuroscience 20:1876406.
Cited onbinaural-beats-migraine
Xu BP et al. (2026) Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation: mechanisms, applications, and research progress. Frontiers in neuroscience 20:1844063.
Cited onvagus-nerve-stimulation-sound
Waechter S et al. (2026) Conventional hearing aid amplification, notch therapy, or increased gain at tinnitus pitch: a randomised controlled multicentre study. International journal of audiology 65(1):22-45.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Akkurt O et al. (2026) Effect of binaural beats and isochronic tones on anxiety during impacted mandibular third molar surgery: a randomized controlled trial. International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery.
Cited onbinaural-beats-vs-alternatives
Dutta A et al. (2026) Efficacy of Yoga Nidra in Managing Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of integrative and complementary medicine 32(3):235-241.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
Heitmann H et al. (2026) Resting-state EEG activity in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. NeuroImage. Clinical 50:103997.
Cited onbinaural-beats-depression
Sturm H et al. (2026) The Role of Compliance and Cost in Regulating the Effectiveness of Notched Sound Therapy Phone Applications for Tinnitus Relief: Updated Analysis of a Prospective Randomized Control Trial. Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 47(2):e164-e169.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Kim HC et al. (2026) Preoperative binaural beats reduce remimazolam dosage and enhance safety in anesthesia induction: A randomized controlled trial. PloS one 21(3):e0345960.
Cited onblog/do-binaural-beats-work
Rodrigues Santos LE et al. (2026) Acute Effects of Binaural Beats on Interoception in Individuals WITH Symptoms of Depression. Psychological reports:332941261450520.
Cited onbinaural-beats-depression
Pando-Naude V et al. (2026) Music-based interventions for chronic pain management. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 5(5):CD016354.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
Santacruz JL et al. (2025) Hearing Aid Amplification Schemes Adjusted to Tinnitus Pitch: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Audiology research 15(6).
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Yang SY et al. (2025) Effects of binaural beat therapy with different frequencies on autonomic nervous system regulation among college students. BMC complementary medicine and therapies 25(1):206.
Cited onvagus-nerve-stimulation-sound
Xiong J et al. (2025) Binaural beats for perioperative anxiety and pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary therapies in medicine 95:103299.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
Paudel P et al. (2025) Efficacy of biofeedback for migraine: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Complementary therapies in medicine 90:103153.
Cited onbinaural-beats-migraine
de Witte M et al. (2025) Music therapy for the treatment of anxiety: a systematic review with multilevel meta-analyses. EClinicalMedicine 84:103293.
Cited onfrequencies/396-hz-liberation
Alashram AR (2025) Effects of tinnitus retraining therapy on patients with tinnitus: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 282(2):571-587.
Cited onbinaural-beats-tinnitus
Jiang W et al. (2025) The efficacy of notched music therapy vs conventional music therapy for chronic subjective tinnitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 282(7):3431-3442.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Patel S et al. (2025) Letter to the Editor: The efficacy of notched music therapy vs conventional music therapy for chronic subjective tinnitus patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 282(7):3823-3824.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Alves-Castro G et al. (2025) Sustained attention in attention-deficit subjects and the impact of binaural beat stimulation evaluated by behavior and EEG. Experimental brain research 243(10):211.
Cited onadhd-focus
Jebabli N et al. (2025) Beta frequency binaural beats combined with preferred music enhance combat performance and recovery responses in amateur kickboxers: a randomized crossover trial. Frontiers in psychology 16:1636856.
Cited onbinaural-beats-workout
Treadwell JR et al. (2025) Behavioral interventions for migraine prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Headache 65(4):668-694.
Cited onbinaural-beats-migraine
Westwood SJ et al. (2025) Neurofeedback for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JAMA psychiatry 82(2):118-129.
Cited onfrequencies/beta-waves
Jebabli N et al. (2025) Effects of 440-Hz vs. 432-Hz preferred music frequencies, during warm-up, on intermittent anaerobic speed test performance in men and women kickboxers: a double-blind crossover study. PeerJ 13:e19084.
Cited on432-hz-solfeggio-frequencies
Scala I et al. (2025) Analysis of the effect of 6-Hz binaural beats on electroencephalographic and autonomic parameters of healthy individuals: An exploratory study. Physiological reports 13(10):e70271.
Cited onvagus-nerve-stimulation-sound
Robbins R et al. (2025) Snooze alarm use in a global population of smartphone users. Scientific reports 15(1):16942.
Cited onprogressive-wake-up-alarm
Ding Y et al. (2025) Impact of white noise on sleep quality across age groups and in critically ill/non-critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sleep medicine 136:106869.
Cited onbinaural-beats-vs-alternatives
Moszeik EN et al. (2025) The Effects of an Online Yoga Nidra Meditation on Subjective Well-Being and Diurnal Salivary Cortisol: A Randomised Controlled Trial. Stress and health : journal of the International Society for the Investigation of Stress 41(3):e70049.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
van der Steen JT et al. (2025) Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 3(3):CD003477.
Halpin SJ et al. (2025) Pre-sleep alpha brain entrainment by audio or visual stimulation for chronic widespread pain and sleep disturbance: A randomised crossover feasibility trial. The journal of pain 31:105393.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
Kalsoom N et al. (2024) Current Recommendations for the Use of Sound Therapy in Adults with Hyperacusis: A Scoping Review. Brain sciences 14(8).
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Brennan CR et al. (2024) Misophonia and Hearing Comorbidities in a Collegiate Population. Ear and hearing 45(2):390-399.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Tavanai E et al. (2024) Efficacy of tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT) in the treatment of tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 281(10):5033-5049.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Mekki SA et al. (2024) The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy versus Notched Sound Therapy in Adults with Chronic Subjective Tinnitus and Normal Hearing. International archives of otorhinolaryngology 28(4):e634-e642.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Dixon LJ et al. (2024) Prevalence, phenomenology, and impact of misophonia in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Journal of psychopathology and clinical science 133(5):403-412.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Formby C et al. (2024) Results of a 6-Month Field Trial of a Transitional Intervention for Debilitating Hyperacusis. Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR 67(6):1903-1931.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Chockboondee M et al. (2024) Effects of daily listening to 6 Hz binaural beats over one month: an event-related potentials study. Scientific reports 14(1):18059.
§ 02 02
Published 2010–2023 · 132
Garcia-Argibay M et al. (2019) Efficacy of binaural auditory beats in cognition, anxiety, and pain perception: a meta-analysis. Psychological research 83(2):357-372.
Cited onanxiety-at-night · anxiety-relief · anxiety-test · are-binaural-beats-safe · benefits · best-binaural-beats-app · binaural-beats-chronic-pain · binaural-beats-depression · binaural-beats-dopamine-serotonin · binaural-beats-for-memory · binaural-beats-for-social-anxiety · binaural-beats-for-studying · binaural-beats-not-working · binaural-beats-research-hub · binaural-beats-vs-youtube · binaural-beats-without-headphones · blog/adhd-binaural-beats-focus · blog/do-binaural-beats-work · breathing-exercises-for-anxiety · editorial-policy · executives · frequencies/10-hz · frequencies/index · generator · how-to-stop-a-panic-attack · natural-anxiety-relief-without-medication · what-is-binaural-beats
Papalambros NA et al. (2017) Acoustic Enhancement of Sleep Slow Oscillations and Concomitant Memory Improvement in Older Adults. Frontiers in human neuroscience 11:109.
Beauchene C et al. (2017) The effect of binaural beats on verbal working memory and cortical connectivity. Journal of neural engineering 14(2):026014.
Iaccarino HF et al. (2016) Gamma frequency entrainment attenuates amyloid load and modifies microglia. Nature 540(7632):230-235.
Chaieb L et al. (2015) Auditory beat stimulation and its effects on cognition and mood States. Frontiers in psychiatry 6:70.
Kennel S et al. (2010) Pilot feasibility study of binaural auditory beats for reducing symptoms of inattention in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Journal of pediatric nursing 25(1):3-11.
Robison MK et al. (2022) The effect of binaural beat stimulation on sustained attention. Psychological research 86(3):808-822.
Riedy SM et al. (2021) Noise as a sleep aid: A systematic review. Sleep medicine reviews 55:101385.
Martorell AJ et al. (2019) Multi-sensory Gamma Stimulation Ameliorates Alzheimer's-Associated Pathology and Improves Cognition. Cell 177(2):256-271.e22.
Munro BA et al. (2019) The short-term effects of recorded ocean sound with and without alpha frequency binaural beats on tinnitus perception. Complementary therapies in medicine 44:291-295.
Sereda M et al. (2018) Sound therapy (using amplification devices and/or sound generators) for tinnitus. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 12(12):CD013094.
Abeln V et al. (2014) Brainwave entrainment for better sleep and post-sleep state of young elite soccer players - a pilot study. European journal of sport science 14(5):393-402.
Hugh SC et al. (2014) Infant sleep machines and hazardous sound pressure levels. Pediatrics 133(4):677-81.
Reedijk SA et al. (2013) The impact of binaural beats on creativity. Frontiers in human neuroscience 7:786.
Ngo HV et al. (2013) Auditory closed-loop stimulation of the sleep slow oscillation enhances memory. Neuron 78(3):545-53.
Okamoto H et al. (2010) Listening to tailor-made notched music reduces tinnitus loudness and tinnitus-related auditory cortex activity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 107(3):1207-10.
Harlow TJ et al. (2023) Memory retention following acoustic stimulation in slow-wave sleep: a meta-analytic review of replicability and measurement quality. Frontiers in sleep 2:1082253.
Swedo SE et al. (2022) Consensus Definition of Misophonia: A Delphi Study. Frontiers in neuroscience 16:841816.
Aravena PC et al. (2020) Effect of music at 432 Hz and 440 Hz on dental anxiety and salivary cortisol levels in patients undergoing tooth extraction: a randomized clinical trial. Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB 28:e20190601.
Jirakittayakorn N et al. (2018) A Novel Insight of Effects of a 3-Hz Binaural Beat on Sleep Stages During Sleep. Frontiers in human neuroscience 12:387.
Jirakittayakorn N et al. (2017) Brain responses to 40-Hz binaural beat and effects on emotion and memory. International journal of psychophysiology : official journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology 120:96-107.
Colzato LS et al. (2017) More attentional focusing through binaural beats: evidence from the global-local task. Psychological research 81(1):271-277.
Stein A et al. (2016) Clinical trial on tonal tinnitus with tailor-made notched music training. BMC neurology 16:38.
Beauchene C et al. (2016) The Effect of Binaural Beats on Visuospatial Working Memory and Cortical Connectivity. PloS one 11(11):e0166630.
Tyler RS et al. (2014) A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part I. Definitions and manifestations. American journal of audiology 23(4):402-19.
McConnell PA et al. (2014) Auditory driving of the autonomic nervous system: Listening to theta-frequency binaural beats post-exercise increases parasympathetic activation and sympathetic withdrawal. Frontiers in psychology 5:1248.
Tunkel DE et al. (2014) Clinical practice guideline: tinnitus. Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 151(2 Suppl):S1-S40.
Hoare DJ et al. (2014) Amplification with hearing aids for patients with tinnitus and co-existing hearing loss. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2014(1):CD010151.
Hobson J et al. (2012) Sound therapy (masking) in the management of tinnitus in adults. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 11(11):CD006371.
Bavafa A et al. (2023) Investigating the Efficacy of Theta Binaural Beat on the Absolute Power of Theta Activity in Primary Insomniacs. Basic and clinical neuroscience 14(3):331-340.
Cited onblog/theta-waves-lucid-dreaming
Tong Z et al. (2023) Efficacy of Tailor-Made Notched Music Training Versus Tinnitus Retraining Therapy in Adults With Chronic Subjective Tinnitus: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Ear and hearing 44(4):670-681.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Jastreboff PJ et al. (2023) The neurophysiological approach to misophonia: Theory and treatment. Frontiers in neuroscience 17:895574.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Sharpe E et al. (2023) A closer look at yoga nidra- early randomized sleep lab investigations. Journal of psychosomatic research 166:111169.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
Adamovich-Zeitlin R et al. (2023) Does Compliance or Cost Regulate Effectiveness of Notched Sound Therapy Phone Applications for Tinnitus Relief? Preliminary Data of a Prospective Randomized Control Trial. Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 44(2):e108-e113.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Vitoratou S et al. (2023) Misophonia in the UK: Prevalence and norms from the S-Five in a UK representative sample. PloS one 18(3):e0282777.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Datta K et al. (2023) Improved sleep, cognitive processing and enhanced learning and memory task accuracy with Yoga nidra practice in novices. PloS one 18(12):e0294678.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
Wilfling D et al. (2023) Non-pharmacological interventions for sleep disturbances in people with dementia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 1(1):CD011881.
Calamassi D et al. (2022) The Listening to music tuned to 440 Hz versus 432 Hz to reduce anxiety and stress in emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: a double-blind, randomized controlled pilot study. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis 93(S2):e2022149.
Cited on432-hz-solfeggio-frequencies
Henry JA et al. (2022) Sound Tolerance Conditions (Hyperacusis, Misophonia, Noise Sensitivity, and Phonophobia): Definitions and Clinical Management. American journal of audiology 31(3):513-527.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Datta K et al. (2022) Electrophysiological Evidence of Local Sleep During Yoga Nidra Practice. Frontiers in neurology 13:910794.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
Savard MA et al. (2022) Specificity of Affective Responses in Misophonia Depends on Trigger Identification. Frontiers in neuroscience 16:879583.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Jarach CM et al. (2022) Global Prevalence and Incidence of Tinnitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA neurology 79(9):888-900.
Cited onbinaural-beats-tinnitus
Laborde S et al. (2022) Effects of voluntary slow breathing on heart rate and heart rate variability: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 138:104711.
Chan D et al. (2022) Gamma frequency sensory stimulation in mild probable Alzheimer's dementia patients: Results of feasibility and pilot studies. PloS one 17(12):e0278412.
He Q et al. (2021) A feasibility trial of gamma sensory flicker for patients with prodromal Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) 7(1):e12178.
Engelbregt H et al. (2021) Effects of binaural and monaural beat stimulation on attention and EEG. Experimental brain research 239(9):2781-2791.
Cited onbinaural-beats-coding
Cimenser A et al. (2021) Sensory-Evoked 40-Hz Gamma Oscillation Improves Sleep and Daily Living Activities in Alzheimer's Disease Patients. Frontiers in systems neuroscience 15:746859.
Jin IK et al. (2021) Notched and Nonnotched Stimuli Are Equally Effective at the Mixing-Point Level in Sound Therapy for Tinnitus Relief. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 32(7):420-425.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Piromchai P et al. (2021) A Three-arm, Single-blind, Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Effects of Notched Music Therapy, Conventional Music Therapy, and Counseling on Tinnitus. Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology 42(2):335-340.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Marcrum SC et al. (2021) Conventional versus notch filter amplification for the treatment of tinnitus in adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Progress in brain research 260:235-252.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Korth D et al. (2021) Comparing pure tone and narrow band noise to measure tonal tinnitus pitch-match frequency. Progress in brain research 262:115-137.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Datta K et al. (2021) Yoga nidra practice shows improvement in sleep in patients with chronic insomnia: A randomized controlled trial. The National medical journal of India 34(3):143-150.
Cited onnsdr-non-sleep-deep-rest
Therdphaothai J et al. (2021) A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Notched Music Therapy for Tinnitus Patients. The journal of international advanced otology 17(3):221-227.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Calamassi D et al. (2020) Music tuned to 432 Hz versus music tuned to 440 Hz for improving sleep in patients with spinal cord injuries: a double-blind cross-over pilot study. Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis 91(12-S):e2020008.
Cited on432-hz-solfeggio-frequencies
McFarlane SJ et al. (2020) Auditory Countermeasures for Sleep Inertia: Exploring the Effect of Melody and Rhythm in an Ecological Context. Clocks & sleep 2(2):208-224.
Cited onprogressive-wake-up-alarm
McFarlane SJ et al. (2020) Alarm Tones, Voice Warnings, and Musical Treatments: A Systematic Review of Auditory Countermeasures for Sleep Inertia in Abrupt and Casual Awakenings. Clocks & sleep 2(4):416-433.
Cited onprogressive-wake-up-alarm
Jager IJ et al. (2020) Cognitive behavioral therapy for misophonia: A randomized clinical trial. Depression and anxiety 38(7):708-18.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Calamassi D et al. (2020) Corrigendum to "Music tuned to 440 hz versus 432 hz and the health effects: a double-blind cross-over pilot study" [Explore Journal Vol. 15 (2019) 283-290/ No. 4]. Explore (New York, N.Y.) 16(1):8.
Cited on432-hz-solfeggio-frequencies
Kwak J et al. (2020) Findings From a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial of an Individualized Music Listening Program for Persons With Dementia. Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society 39(6):567-575.
Cederroth CR et al. (2020) Association between Hyperacusis and Tinnitus. Journal of clinical medicine 9(8).
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Livingston G et al. (2020) Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. Lancet (London, England) 396(10248):413-446.
Jager I et al. (2020) Misophonia: Phenomenology, comorbidity and demographics in a large sample. PloS one 15(4):e0231390.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Fuller T et al. (2020) Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 1(1):CD012614.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Engelbregt H et al. (2019) The Effects of Binaural and Monoaural Beat Stimulation on Cognitive Functioning in Subjects with Different Levels of Emotionality. Advances in cognitive psychology 15(3):199-207.
Cited onbinaural-beats-research-hub
Fackrell K et al. (2019) Identifying and prioritising unanswered research questions for people with hyperacusis: James Lind Alliance Hyperacusis Priority Setting Partnership. BMJ open 9(11):e032178.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Calamassi D et al. (2019) Music Tuned to 440 Hz Versus 432 Hz and the Health Effects: A Double-blind Cross-over Pilot Study. Explore (New York, N.Y.) 15(4):283-290.
Cited on432-hz-solfeggio-frequencies
Haab L et al. (2019) Implementation and Long-Term Evaluation of a Hearing Aid Supported Tinnitus Treatment Using Notched Environmental Sounds. IEEE journal of translational engineering in health and medicine 7:1600109.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Bang YR et al. (2019) Minimal Effects of Binaural Auditory Beats for Subclinical Insomnia: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Study. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology 39(5):499-503.
Cited onsleep-solutions
McCreedy EM et al. (2019) Measuring Effects of Nondrug Interventions on Behaviors: Music & Memory Pilot Study. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 67(10):2134-2138.
Boronat AC et al. (2019) Sundown Syndrome in Older Persons: A Scoping Review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association 20(6):664-671.e5.
Chandrasekhar SS et al. (2019) Clinical Practice Guideline: Sudden Hearing Loss (Update). Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 161(1_suppl):S1-S45.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Schröder A et al. (2019) Misophonia is associated with altered brain activity in the auditory cortex and salience network. Scientific reports 9(1):7542.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Neff P et al. (2019) Comparing Three Established Methods for Tinnitus Pitch Matching With Respect to Reliability, Matching Duration, and Subjective Satisfaction. Trends in hearing 23:2331216519887247.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Zaccaro A et al. (2018) How Breath-Control Can Change Your Life: A Systematic Review on Psycho-Physiological Correlates of Slow Breathing. Frontiers in human neuroscience 12:353.
Katahira K et al. (2018) EEG Correlates of the Flow State: A Combination of Increased Frontal Theta and Moderate Frontocentral Alpha Rhythm in the Mental Arithmetic Task. Frontiers in psychology 9:300.
Cited onbinaural-beats-flow-state
Hébert S (2018) Individual Reliability of the Standard Clinical Method vs Patient-Centered Tinnitus Likeness Rating for Assessment of Tinnitus Pitch and Loudness Matching. JAMA otolaryngology-- head & neck surgery 144(12):1136-1144.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Rouw R et al. (2018) A Large-Scale Study of Misophonia. Journal of clinical psychology 74(3):453-479.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
van der Steen JT et al. (2018) Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 7(7):CD003477.
Kim TS et al. (2017) Self-Administered Tinnitus Pitch Matching versus a Conventional Audiometric Procedure. Audiology & neuro-otology 22(1):1-8.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Fackrell K et al. (2017) Clinical Interventions for Hyperacusis in Adults: A Scoping Review to Assess the Current Position and Determine Priorities for Research. BioMed research international 2017:2723715.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
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Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Kumar S et al. (2017) The Brain Basis for Misophonia. Current biology : CB 27(4):527-533.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Ecsy K et al. (2017) Alpha-range visual and auditory stimulation reduces the perception of pain. European journal of pain (London, England) 21(3):562-572.
Cited onbinaural-beats-research-hub
López-Caballero F et al. (2017) Binaural Beat: A Failure to Enhance EEG Power and Emotional Arousal. Frontiers in human neuroscience 11:557.
Cited onhow-binaural-beats-work
Wegger M et al. (2017) Acoustic Coordinated Reset Neuromodulation: A Systematic Review of a Novel Therapy for Tinnitus. Frontiers in neurology 8:36.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Jirakittayakorn N et al. (2017) Brain Responses to a 6-Hz Binaural Beat: Effects on General Theta Rhythm and Frontal Midline Theta Activity. Frontiers in neuroscience 11:365.
Cited onblog/do-binaural-beats-work
Steffen PR et al. (2017) The Impact of Resonance Frequency Breathing on Measures of Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure, and Mood. Frontiers in public health 5:222.
McCraty R et al. (2017) Synchronization of Human Autonomic Nervous System Rhythms with Geomagnetic Activity in Human Subjects. International journal of environmental research and public health 14(7).
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Schröder AE et al. (2017) Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in misophonia: An open trial. Journal of affective disorders 217:289-294.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
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Cited onfrequencies/396-hz-liberation
Thomas KS et al. (2017) Individualized Music Program is Associated with Improved Outcomes for U.S. Nursing Home Residents with Dementia. The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry 25(9):931-938.
Zampi DD (2016) Efficacy of Theta Binaural Beats for the Treatment of Chronic Pain. Alternative therapies in health and medicine 22(1):32-8.
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Wiwatwongwana D et al. (2016) The effect of music with and without binaural beat audio on operative anxiety in patients undergoing cataract surgery: a randomized controlled trial. Eye (London, England) 30(11):1407-1414.
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Canevelli M et al. (2016) Sundowning in Dementia: Clinical Relevance, Pathophysiological Determinants, and Therapeutic Approaches. Frontiers in medicine 3:73.
Hommel B et al. (2016) High-Frequency Binaural Beats Increase Cognitive Flexibility: Evidence from Dual-Task Crosstalk. Frontiers in psychology 7:1287.
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Cited onbinaural-beats-tinnitus
Clements-Cortes A et al. (2016) Short-Term Effects of Rhythmic Sensory Stimulation in Alzheimer's Disease: An Exploratory Pilot Study. Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 52(2):651-60.
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Stein A et al. (2015) Inhibition-induced plasticity in tinnitus patients after repetitive exposure to tailor-made notched music. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 126(5):1007-15.
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Sheldrake J et al. (2015) Audiometric characteristics of hyperacusis patients. Frontiers in neurology 6:105.
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Reedijk SA et al. (2015) Eliminating the Attentional Blink through Binaural Beats: A Case for Tailored Cognitive Enhancement. Frontiers in psychiatry 6:82.
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Jastreboff PJ et al. (2015) Decreased sound tolerance: hyperacusis, misophonia, diplacousis, and polyacousis. Handbook of clinical neurology 129:375-87.
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Wunderlich R et al. (2015) Evaluation of iPod-Based Automated Tinnitus Pitch Matching. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 26(2):205-12.
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Hole J et al. (2015) Music as an aid for postoperative recovery in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet (London, England) 386(10004):1659-71.
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Wunderlich R et al. (2015) Impact of Spectral Notch Width on Neurophysiological Plasticity and Clinical Effectiveness of the Tailor-Made Notched Music Training. PloS one 10(9):e0138595.
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Formby C et al. (2015) A Sound Therapy-Based Intervention to Expand the Auditory Dynamic Range for Loudness among Persons with Sensorineural Hearing Losses: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. Seminars in hearing 36(2):77-110.
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Pienkowski M et al. (2014) A review of hyperacusis and future directions: part II. Measurement, mechanisms, and treatment. American journal of audiology 23(4):420-36.
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Pantev C et al. (2014) Study protocol: Münster tinnitus randomized controlled clinical trial-2013 based on tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT). BMC neurology 14:40.
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Jüris L et al. (2014) Cognitive behaviour therapy for hyperacusis: a randomized controlled trial. Behaviour research and therapy 54:30-7.
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Lehrer PM et al. (2014) Heart rate variability biofeedback: how and why does it work?. Frontiers in psychology 5:756.
Wu MS et al. (2014) Misophonia: incidence, phenomenology, and clinical correlates in an undergraduate student sample. Journal of clinical psychology 70(10):994-1007.
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Ulrich M et al. (2014) Neural correlates of experimentally induced flow experiences. NeuroImage 86:194-202.
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Gruzelier JH (2014) EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. I: a review of cognitive and affective outcome in healthy participants. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews 44:124-41.
Cited onschumann-resonance-7-83-hz
Hoare DJ et al. (2014) Agreement and reliability of tinnitus loudness matching and pitch likeness rating. PloS one 9(12):e114553.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Kox M et al. (2014) Voluntary activation of the sympathetic nervous system and attenuation of the innate immune response in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111(20):7379-84.
Cited onbiohacking-lab
Munro KJ et al. (2014) Plasticity and modified loudness following short-term unilateral deprivation: evidence of multiple gain mechanisms within the auditory system. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 135(1):315-22.
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Ridder HM et al. (2013) Individual music therapy for agitation in dementia: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. Aging & mental health 17(6):667-78.
Lestard Ndos R et al. (2013) Direct effects of music in non-auditory cells in culture. Noise & health 15(66):307-14.
Schröder A et al. (2013) Misophonia: diagnostic criteria for a new psychiatric disorder. PloS one 8(1):e54706.
Cited onmisophonia-sounds
Cepeda MS et al. (2013) WITHDRAWN: Music for pain relief. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews 2013(10):CD004843.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
Abrams DA et al. (2013) Inter-subject synchronization of brain responses during natural music listening. The European journal of neuroscience 37(9):1458-69.
Cited onfrequencies/639-hz-connection
Goodin P et al. (2012) A high-density EEG investigation into steady state binaural beat stimulation. PloS one 7(4):e34789.
Cited onbinaural-beats-research-hub
Schaette R et al. (2012) Reversible induction of phantom auditory sensations through simulated unilateral hearing loss. PloS one 7(6):e35238.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Schecklmann M et al. (2012) Relationship between Audiometric slope and tinnitus pitch in tinnitus patients: insights into the mechanisms of tinnitus generation. PloS one 7(4):e34878.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Mahboubi H et al. (2012) Accuracy of tinnitus pitch matching using a web-based protocol. The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology 121(10):671-4.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Sereda M et al. (2011) Re-examining the relationship between audiometric profile and tinnitus pitch. International journal of audiology 50(5):303-12.
Cited ontinnitus-frequency-test
Salimpoor VN et al. (2011) Anatomically distinct dopamine release during anticipation and experience of peak emotion to music. Nature neuroscience 14(2):257-62.
Cited onfrequencies/174-hz-pain-relief
Teismann H et al. (2011) Short and intense tailor-made notched music training against tinnitus: the tinnitus frequency matters. PloS one 6(9):e24685.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
Dabu-Bondoc S et al. (2010) Hemispheric synchronized sounds and perioperative analgesic requirements. Anesthesia and analgesia 110(1):208-10.
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Pratt H et al. (2010) A comparison of auditory evoked potentials to acoustic beats and to binaural beats. Hearing research 262(1-2):34-44.
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§ 03 03
Published before 2010 · 40
Lane JD et al. (1998) Binaural auditory beats affect vigilance performance and mood. Physiology & behavior 63(2):249-52.
Cited onadhd-focus · anxiety-at-night · anxiety-test · binaural-beats-flow-state · binaural-beats-for-social-anxiety · binaural-beats-for-studying · binaural-beats-research-hub · binaural-beats-vs-isochronic-tones · blog/do-binaural-beats-work · editorial-policy · focus-music-for-work · frequencies/beta-waves · natural-anxiety-relief-without-medication · what-is-binaural-beats
Padmanabhan R et al. (2005) A prospective, randomised, controlled study examining binaural beat audio and pre-operative anxiety in patients undergoing general anaesthesia for day case surgery. Anaesthesia 60(9):874-7.
Cited onanxiety-at-night · anxiety-relief · anxiety-test · binaural-beats-for-social-anxiety · binaural-beats-research-hub · binaural-beats-science · blog/do-binaural-beats-work · breathing-exercises-for-anxiety · editorial-policy · frequencies/alpha-waves · how-to-stop-a-panic-attack · natural-anxiety-relief-without-medication · what-is-binaural-beats
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Lutz A et al. (2004) Long-term meditators self-induce high-amplitude gamma synchrony during mental practice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101(46):16369-73.
Le Scouarnec RP et al. (2001) Use of binaural beat tapes for treatment of anxiety: a pilot study of tape preference and outcomes. Alternative therapies in health and medicine 7(1):58-63.
Spitzer RL et al. (2006) A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7. Archives of internal medicine 166(10):1092-7.
Ortiz T et al. (2008) Impact of auditory stimulation at a frequency of 5 Hz in verbal memory. Actas espanolas de psiquiatria 36(6):307-13.
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Marshall L et al. (2006) Boosting slow oscillations during sleep potentiates memory. Nature 444(7119):610-3.
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Pratt H et al. (2009) Cortical evoked potentials to an auditory illusion: binaural beats. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology 120(8):1514-24.
Cited onhow-binaural-beats-work
Lagopoulos J et al. (2009) Increased theta and alpha EEG activity during nondirective meditation. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) 15(11):1187-92.
Cited onmeditation-binaural-beats
Nilsson U (2009) Soothing music can increase oxytocin levels during bed rest after open-heart surgery: a randomised control trial. Journal of clinical nursing 18(15):2153-61.
Cited onfrequencies/639-hz-connection
Munro KJ et al. (2009) Adaptive plasticity in brainstem of adult listeners following earplug-induced deprivation. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126(2):568-71.
Cited onhyperacusis-sound-therapy
Lugli M et al. (2009) The windowed sound therapy: a new empirical approach for an effectiv personalized treatment of tinnitus. The international tinnitus journal 15(1):51-61.
Cited onnotched-sound-therapy-tinnitus
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Wahbeh H et al. (2007) Binaural beat technology in humans: a pilot study to assess neuropsychologic, physiologic, and electroencephalographic effects. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.) 13(2):199-206.
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Cepeda MS et al. (2006) Music for pain relief. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews:CD004843.
Cited onbinaural-beats-chronic-pain
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§ 04 Questions
Things people reasonably ask.
How is this list built?
A script scans every English page on the site for PubMed links, then fetches each paper’s metadata from PubMed itself. Nothing here is typed by hand, which is the point: the index cannot claim a citation the pages do not make, and cannot fall behind when a page adds one.
Why are there 220 papers here but only 26 in the research hub?
Different jobs. The hub is a reading page — 26 studies worked through in full, with sample sizes and null findings, chosen because they carry the most weight. This is an index: everything the site leans on anywhere, including the single-topic papers behind one sentence on one page.
Does citing a paper mean the site agrees with it?
No, and several here are cited precisely because they found nothing. A null result is evidence, and the pages say so where it applies. Papers that appear only on the corrections page — cited in order to retract a claim — are deliberately excluded from this list.
Can I reuse the data?
Yes. all-citations.csv is CC BY 4.0 — use it with attribution. It has one row per paper with PMID, DOI, authors, journal, volume, pages, and the pages on this site that cite it.
I think one of these is cited wrongly. What now?
Email [email protected]. Every citation here was checked against PubMed or Crossref on 28 August 2026, and that pass found dozens that were wrong — they are listed on the corrections page. Assume more remain.
→ Continue reading
Research hub 26 studies read in full, null findings included.
Corrections The claims we published and later found to be wrong.
Study dataset (CSV) The hub table as machine-readable data.
Editorial policy How a claim gets checked before it is published.
Glossary 52 terms, including the ones naming a tradition rather than a finding.
About the author What the expertise is, and where it runs out.